Happiness Alliance is a 501(c)3 registered in the USA. Bhutan's New Leader Prefers More Concrete Goals", "This country isn't just carbon neutral, it's carbon negative", "Pursuit of happiness is fundamental human goal,' Minister of Bhutan tells UN Assembly", "In Bhutan, Happiness Index as Gauge for Social Ills", "Welcome to the CBS's works on Gross National Happiness! GNH is often misattributed to Bhutan's fourth King, Jigme Singye Wangchuck who popularized the concept in the late 1990s. Many developing countries have struggled with exploitation and other development issues which Bhutan wants to avoid with its more holistic assessment of national health. [43] The former king of Thailand, Bhumibol Adulyadej, was a close friend of King Jigme Singye Wangchuck, and conceived the similar philosophy of Sufficiency Economy. "[59], Some researchers state that Bhutan's GNH philosophy "has evolved over the last decade through the contribution of western and local scholars to a version that is more democratic and open. The definition of the Happiness Index originates from the Bhutanese Gross National Happiness Index. The domains weigh equally but the indicators within each domain differ by weight. In 2010, the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative OPHI at the University of Oxford in UK, launched the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) for the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Method and Illustrative Results", "Bhutan's Gross National Happiness Index : methodology and results", "A Compass Towards A Just and Harmonious Society: 2015 GNH Survey Report", "Bhutan's Gross National Happiness Index", "Gross National Happiness in Bhutan: A Living Example of an Alternative Approach to Progress", Why happiness is easy to venerate, hard to generate, "Q&A: Is 'gross national happiness' the key to Bhutan escaping the pandemic? Wheatley returned to Vermont determined to introduce the little-known GNH concepts to the general public in the U.S. After establishing the nonprofit in the spring of 2009, representatives of the group attended the fifth international GNH research conference in Brazil in November 2009 and, in June 2010, hosted the first US-based conference on Gross National Happiness and other alternative indicators, at Champlain College in Burlington, Vermont. From August 25, 2012 to the present, GNHUSA has been carrying out a nationwide action research project, The Happiness Walk, carried out by GNHUSA board members and supporters. Bhutan and its Gross National Happiness was again discused in the Senate of the Parliament of the Czech Republic on Thursday, June 25, 2020 during the annual conference organized by the Happy Czechia Foundation together with Czech Institute of Empirical Research STEM in the historical Knight Hall of the Wallenstein Palace in Prague under the… They provide the foundation upon which the GNH rests.” GNH is thus seen as part of the Buddhist Middle Path, where “happiness is accrued from a balanced act rather than from an extreme approach.” [34][35], In the state of São Paulo, Brazil, Susan Andrews,[36] through her organization Future Vision Ecological Park, used a version of Bhutan's GNH at a community level in some cities. In 2017, GNHUSA initiated the process of establishing chapters in all 50 states to work with local governments and institutions on well-being initiatives, beginning with Wisconsin and North Carolina. Bhutan’s Gross National Happiness Index. [18] The GNH Commission is composed of the Prime Minister as the Chairperson, Secretaries each of the ministries of the government, and the Secretary of the GNH Commission. The term was coined in 1972 by Bhutan’s fourth Dragon King, Jigme Singye Wangchuck. 5 Iss 2 pp. It took several hours to complete one questionnaire. Thinley, L. (October 1998). The so-far third nationwide GNH-survey was carried out in 2015. GNHUSA collaborates with the Vermont Data Center to perform a periodic study of well-being in the state, as a pilot for other states and municipalities. The concept of Gross National Happiness is rooted in the spiritual values of Buddhism, which place a heavy value on happiness and contentment. [10] According to the Bhutanese government, the four pillars of GNH are:[11], The nine domains of GNH are psychological well-being, health, time use, education, cultural diversity and resilience, good governance, community vitality, ecological diversity and resilience, and living standards. "[58] The Refugee Council of Australia stated that "it is extraordinary and shocking that a nation can get away with expelling one sixth of its people and somehow keep its international reputation largely intact. 5 Iss 2 pp. ", "Measuring Happiness in Victoria, British Columbia", "The Happiness Initiative: The Serious Business of Well-Being", "WikiProgress Knowledge Base - Happiness Alliance", "An unobtrusive behavioral model of "gross national happiness, "How PH can have Gross National Happiness, too", "Gross National Happiness for PH; FVR still needed – Malacañang", "Bhutan 'happiness guru' speaks on 'Gross National Happiness, "BRAINPOoL Final Report: Beyond GDP – From Measurement to Politics and Policy", "Measuring National Well-being: Personal Well-being in the UK, 2014 to 2015", "Somerville Happiness Survey responses - 2011, 2013, 2015", "Bhutan's Hoax: of Gross National Happiness", "Bhutan's Human Rights Record Defies 'Happiness' Claim", "The History of Gross National Happiness", "Gross National Happiness of Bhutan and its False Promises", "Gross National Happiness – Happy in Bhutan? Before then, the government practiced massive ethnic cleansing of non-Buddhist population of ethnic Nepalese of Hindu faith in the name of GNH cultural preservation. Dear Visitor, The Institute invites you to participate in the Global Gross National Happiness and Well-being (GNH / GNW) Index Survey. Gross National Happiness (abbreviated: GNH), or sometimes called Gross Domestic Happiness (GDH), is a philosophy that guides the government of Bhutan. It includes an index which is used to measure the collective happiness and well-being of a population. The first GNH surveys consisted of long questionnaires that polled the citizens about living conditions and religious behavior, including questions about the times a person prayed in a day and other Karma indicators. [33], In Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, a shortened version of Bhutan's GNH survey was used by the local government, local foundations and governmental agencies under the leadership of Martha and Michael Pennock to assess the population of Victoria. [14] The domains work differently depending on the person's GDP. [57] According to Human Rights Watch, "Over 100,000 or 1/6 of the population of Bhutan of Nepalese origin and Hindu faith were expelled from the country because they would not integrate with Bhutan’s Buddhist culture. Mary has a liberal arts degree from Goddard College and This group of people has released the World Happiness Report (WHR) every year since 2012. Use of the environment should ideally be sustainable and harmonious; some people liken the entire country to a form of park, since the Bhutanese environment is zealously guarded. There are four main loci to Gross National Happiness. Among these include the national governments of the United Kingdom's Office of National Statistics[48] and the United Arab Emirates,[49] and cities including Somerville, Massachusetts, United States,[50] and Bristol, United Kingdom. Gross National Happiness (GNH) is a comprehensive approach to development, which values collective happiness as the goal of governance through balancing material and non-material values and it is used in place of Gross National Product (GDP). The report lists the first Gross National Happiness Index and its seven measurement areas as one of the main influencing milestones. EIN on request. The state of Vermont's Governor declared April 13 (President Jefferson’s birthday) “Pursuit of Happiness Day,” and became the first state to pass legislation enabling development of alternative indicators and to assist in making policy. The Index function was based on Alkire & Foster method of 2011. In other words, a person is happier, or can be happier, in life when focusing on the little things. All donations are tax-deductible. Bhutan itself is one of the least developed nations in the world, leading it to score on the low end of economics-based indexes of national health. [31], According to the World Happiness Report 2019, Bhutan is 95th out of 156 countries. "[3], In 2012, Bhutan's Prime Minister Jigme Thinley and the Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon of the United Nations convened the High Level Meeting: Well-being and Happiness: Defining a New Economic Paradigm to encourage the spread of Bhutan's GNH philosophy. While the index could be used for nations other than Bhutan, it might require some adjustment. Therefore, probably, the more accurate historical reference is to mention the coining of the GNH phrase as a key event, but not the Bhutan GNH philosophy, because the philosophy as understood by western scholars is different from the philosophy used by the King at the time. Gross National Happiness (GNH) is a quantitative measure of the happiness of the residents of a nation. Gross National Happiness Index is instituted as the goal of the government of Bhutan in the Constitution of Bhutan, enacted on 18 July 2008. They provide the foundation upon which the GNH rests.”[16] GNH is thus seen as part of the Buddhist Middle Path, where “happiness is accrued from a balanced act rather than from an extreme approach.”[17], The body charged with implementing GNH in Bhutan is the Gross National Happiness Commission. The remainder of this report presents the findings of the 2015 Gross National Happiness (GNH) Survey, which collected information from across Bhutan on many aspects of Bhutanese people’s lives that relate to wellbeing measurement and analysis. It is an attitude, embracing our life wherever we might be, while at the same time striving to be better. "[63][64], CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (, Sander G. Tideman (2016), Gross National Happiness: Lessons for Sustainability Leadership South Asian Journal of Global Business Research, Vol. [5], Bhutan's Prime Minister Tshering Tobgay proclaimed a preference for focus on more concrete goals instead of promoting GNH when he took office,[6] but subsequently has protected the GNH of his country and promoted the concept internationally. Wikibuy Review: A Free Tool That Saves You Time and Money, 15 Creative Ways to Save Money That Actually Work. [2], In 2011, The UN General Assembly passed Resolution "Happiness: towards a holistic approach to development" urging member nations to follow the example of Bhutan and measure happiness and well-being and calling happiness a "fundamental human goal. For instance, if there are two people, one whose life is consumed with working, leaving barely any time for friends and family, while the other, though not as good in working conditions, has still enough time to spend quality time with their friends and family: according to Carol Graham, the person who spends time with family and friends ends up having a larger GNH, than the person who is just in it for work. [27], The Bhutan GNH Index was developed by the Centre for Bhutan Studies with the help of Oxford University researchers to help measure the progress of Bhutanese society. [15], Several scholars have noted that “the values underlying the individual pillars of GNH are defined as distinctly Buddhist,” and “GNH constructs Buddhism as the core of the cultural values of the country (of Bhutan). Gross National Happiness is also promoted in the United States by a nonprofit organization, Gross National Happiness USA. Gross National Happiness is a philosophy that guides the Bhutanese government. The title of the last Bhutan Gross National Happiness survey, in 2015, sums up what the country believes its experiment can provide: "A Compass toward a Just and Harmonious Society." Several scholars have noted that “the values underlying the individual pillars of GNH are defined as distinctly Buddhist,” and “GNH constructs Buddhism as the core of the cultural values of the country (of Bhutan). Values and Development: "Gross National Happiness." Shortly after the High Level meeting, 20 March was declared to be International Day of Happiness by the UN in 2012 with resolution 66/28. Tideman, Sander G. (2016), Gross National Happiness: Lessons for Sustainability Leadership. In 2016, Thailand launched its own GNH center. The responses to just 7 questions takes 1-2 minutes. Speech presented at the Millennium Meeting for Asia and the Pacific, Seoul, Republic of Korea. exciting challenge of being a wiseGEEK researcher and writer. [4] At the High Level meeting, the first World Happiness Report was issued. I’ve already written about the concept of Gross National Happiness (GNH) a lot. The Happiness Index was first created by the Global Happiness Council, a group of independent academic happiness specialists. [38][39][40] Other cities and areas in North America, including Eau Claire, Wisconsin, Creston, British Columbia and the U.S. state of Vermont, also used a version of the GNH Index. Not all countries share Buddhist values, for example. Although happiness is by its nature very difficult to measure, some people think that it could be an excellent complement to more objective measures like a nation's Gross National Product. [53][54], The Bhutanese democratic government started from 2008. On the first leg, two GNHUSA board members walked 594 miles, from Vermont to Washington DC; the Walk most recently completed a leg from Santa Monica, CA to the Bay Area, with a side trip to Hawaii, and resumed March 1, 2018, walking from Petaluma CA to Seattle, Washington, on the 13th leg of the journey. [23][24] It was followed by a second one in 2010. The organization also promotes the U.N.-designated International Happiness Day (March 20) as an opportunity to discuss the concepts of well-being with others at Happiness Dinners across the country. Share your voice – Opinion Survey. In an article written in 2004 in the Economist magazine, "The Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan is not in fact an idyll in a fairy tale. [19] The GNH Commission's tasks include conceiving and implementing the nation's 5-year plan and promulgating policies. Bhutan - We’ve all heard about gross domestic product (GDP), but the Bhutanese government prioritizes something a little different — gross national happiness (GNH). Headquartered in Vermont, GNHUSA is a 501c(3) tax-exempt non-profit organization with a mission to increase personal happiness and the collective wellbeing by changing how the United States measure their progress and success. International Day of Happiness", "Index of Happiness? Ultimately, the concept illustrates the need to assess a country from several different points of view; it doesn't matter if a country is well developed, for example, if wealth is only in the hands of a few, or if a large proportion of the population cannot read. Later rounds of the GNH Index were shortened, but the survey retained the religious behavioral indicators. This figure is the outcome of the survey by the Centre for Bhutan Studies and GNH research for 2015. I think we individually play a big role in our own happiness. Address: Happiness Alliance, 4200 Aurora Ave. N. Seattle Washington, 98103, USA Gross National Happiness (GNH) is a global indicator of progress, which measures both sustainable economy and social development, while protecting the environment and culture.. GNH was born from the realization that the existing development paradigm of the 1970’s, measuring solely the accelerations and decelerations GNP (or GDP), did not mean increasing/decreasing happiness between countries. [44][45][46], Many other cities and governments have undertaken efforts to measure happiness and well-being (also termed "Beyond GDP"[47]) since the High Level Meeting in 2012, but have not used versions of Bhutan's GNH index. A sector filled with unhappy and stressed employees who cut down trees for a living could receive less government funding than a sector that promotes adequate time off for daily prayers and is engaged in preservation. The concept was coined by King Jigme Singye Wangchuck of Bhutan in 1972, as part of an overall approach to governance that emphasized more holistic measures of development and the health of the nation's population. [41], At the University of Oregon, United States, a behavioral model of GNH based on the use of positive and negative words in social network status updates was developed by Adam Kramer.[42]. The phrase ‘gross national happiness’ was first coined by the 4th King of Bhutan, King Jigme Singye Wangchuck, in 1972 when he declared, “Gross National Happiness is more important than Gross Domestic Product.” create happiness for its people, then there is no purpose for government to exist” 4th King of Bhutan, 1972 “Gross National Happiness is more important than Gross National Product” Constitution of Bhutan 2008 Article 9: The State shall strive to promote those conditions that will enable the pursuit of Gross National Happiness. In May 2012, GNHUSA with co-sponsors organized Measure What Matters, a conference building a collaborative of data experts in Vermont. The term „Gross National Happiness” was coined in response to a question of a journalist concerning Bhutan’s Gross National Product. For a high index, development should ideally be sustainable and equitable, incorporating everyone in the society and being practical in the long term. Gross National Happiness (GNH) value is proposed to be an index function of the total average per capita of the following measures: Economic Wellness: Indicated via direct survey and statistical measurement of economic metrics such as consumer debt, average … Along the way, Walkers perform audio and video interviews and collect survey responses, introducing the concept of GNH and amassing data that will assist them in tailoring the GNH domains and indicators to American culture. In addition, the measurement includes a consideration of whether or not a culture's values and beliefs are being preserved and promoted, and it also looks at how socio-economic development is handled. The survey results will be instrumental in a two-decade research study to develop a global report that will address various socioeconomic issues affecting people's well-being and happiness. One distinguishing feature of Bhutan GNH Index from the other models is that the other models are designed for secular governments and do not include religious behaviour measurement components. "[62] Other criticism of GNH cites "increasing levels of political corruption, the rapid spread of diseases such as AIDS and tuberculosis, gang violence, abuses against women and ethnic minorities, shortages in food/medicine, and economic woes. Somewhere it is said that happiness is wanting what we have. (eds) (1999), Thimphu: The Center for Bhutan Studies. Priesner, Stefan (2004), Indigeneity and Universality in Social Science: A South Asian Response, SAGE Publications. After much improvement in the questionnaire, the Centre for Bhutan Studies carried out the First Gross National Happiness survey in December 2007. "[60] Other viewpoints are that GNH is a process of development and learning, rather than an objective norm or absolute end point. Gross National Happiness is a term coined by His Majesty the Fourth King of Bhutan, Jigme Singye Wangchuck in the 1970s. Bhutan aspires to enhance the happiness of its people and GNH serves as a measurement tool for realizing that aspiration. Ever since she began contributing to the site several years ago, Mary has embraced the What Is the Relationship between Culture and Economic Development? The World Happiness Report is a landmark survey of the state of global happiness that ranks 156 countries by how happy their citizens perceive themselves to be. [22], In 2008, the first Bhutanese GNH survey was conducted. Gross National Happiness (GNH) is a quantitative measure of the happiness of the residents of a nation. Bhutan has made great strides within a short period of modernization, as shown by both objective and subjective indicators. The concept was coined by King Jigme Singye Wangchuck of Bhutan in 1972, as part of an overall approach to governance that emphasized more holistic measures of development and the health of the nation's population. Contact info@happycounts.org or Tele +1-206.349-0643. 190 – 213, Bhutan, Gross National Happiness and Sustainable Development – YouTube, Number of broadband Internet subscriptions, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gross_National_Happiness&oldid=993972629, Articles with a promotional tone from January 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, preservation and promotion of culture; and, Eric Zencey, "GDP RIP," New York Times, 9 August 2009, Eric Ezechieli, "Beyond Sustainable Development: Education for Gross National Happiness in Bhutan", Powdyel, T.S. The Institute invites you to participate in the Global Gross National Happiness and Well-being (GNH / GNW) Index Survey. [1], The term "Gross National Happiness" was coined in 1972 by Sicco Mansholt, one of the Founding Fathers of the European Union and the fourth President of the European Commission. The GNH concept has inspired a modern political happiness movement. [37], In Seattle, Washington, United States, a version of the GNH Index was used by the Seattle City Council and Sustainable Seattle to assess the happiness and well-being of the Seattle Area population. ", "A Short Guide to the Gross National Happiness Index", "The Gross National Happiness Index of Bhutan. What Is the Commission on National Goals. By employing gross national happiness as its leading economic indicator, Bhutan's public policy will inevitably follow suit. The index seeks to measure the happiness and general wellbeing of its population. It is home to perhaps 900,000 people most of whom live in grinding poverty. The data is used to compare the happiness between different groups of citizens,[28] and changes over time. The current literature on health in Bhutan in relation to the Gross National Happiness Survey conducted by the Centre of Bhutan Studies has been reviewed. Bills have been filed in the Philippine Senate and House of Representatives in support of Gross National Happiness in the Philippines. Step 2 : Answer to the question "Which country measures its "Gross National Happiness"?" A similar concept is the United Nations Human Development Index, which takes issues like health care and education into account when calculating the overall health of a nation. This measurement also considers the role of the government in the health and happiness of its people. The survey results will be instrumental in a two-decade research study to develop a global report that will address various socioeconomic issues affecting people's well-being and happiness. [8][9], GNH is distinguishable from Gross Domestic Product by valuing collective happiness as the goal of governance, by emphasizing harmony with nature and traditional values as expressed in the 9 domains of happiness and 4 pillars of GNH. [55][56] The NGO Human Rights Watch documented the events. GNHUSA also posts and promotes a Charter for Happiness which, as of May 7, 2018, has 469 signatories. The survey results will be instrumental in a two-decade research study to develop a global report that will address various socioeconomic issues affecting people's well-being and happiness. [25] The third nationwide survey was conducted in 2015. International Institute of Management – US based GHN research, This page was last edited on 13 December 2020, at 13:59. [51] Also a number of companies which are implementing sustainability practices in business that have been inspired by GNH, while GNH also represents a form of leadership for sustainability that gains international recognition.[52]. As Shanghaiist is reporting, a new global happiness index released by North Korea's Chosun Central Television awarded China 100 out of 100 possible points.If the "Gross National Happiness" survey is to be believed, isolated dictatorships are the key to overall well-being, with North Korea reportedly coming in second with 98 points, followed by Cuba, Iran and Venezuela. The World Happiness Report is an annual publication of the United Nations Sustainable … The survey questionnaire included about 750 variables which are objective, subjective, and open-ended in nature. Donate! GNHUSA was founded after Linda Wheatley of Montpelier, Vermont, attended the 2008 Annual Gross National Happiness Research Conference in Thimphu, Bhutan. This short survey provides critical insights that guide GNHUSA, including our policy and advocacy work. One of the most important in heavily forested Bhutan is the maintenance of a pristine and healthy environment that is in a state of balance. Advocates of the use of this measurement as a development indicator believe that material development can be accompanied by a state of happiness for most of a nation's citizens if the development is well managed and happiness is an important value to the government. But attending the international GNH conference in Paro, Bhutan, I have improved my understanding of what GNH really means. [27][28] After the creation of the national GNH Index, the government used the metric to measure national progress and inform policy.[29][30]. [21] The GNH Screening tools used by the Bhutanese GNH Commission for anticipating the impact of policy initiatives upon the levels of GNH in Bhutan. In a couple of blog posts, I want to outline the methodology, the 2015 survey findings, and the actual use of GNH as a policy tool. According to the 2015 Gross National Happiness (GNH) survey, 43,4% of the Bhutanese are considered happy. The GNH Index is used to measure the happiness and well-being of Bhutan's population. A GNH Policy Screening Tool[20] and a GNH Project Screening Tool is used by the GNH commission to determine whether to pass policies or implement projects. 190 – 213, Learn how and when to remove this template message, periodic study of well-being in the state, "The Constitution of the Kingdom of Bhutan", "The Origin of GNH - The European GNH Institute (2018)", "Happiness : towards a holistic approach to development : resolution / adopted by the General Assembly", "Defining a New Economic Paradigm: The Report of the High-Level Meeting on Wellbeing and Happiness", "Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 28 June 2012 66/281. In the Philippines, the concept of GNH has been lauded by various personalities, notably Philippine senator and UN Global Champion for Resilience Loren Legarda, and former environment minister Gina Lopez. [32], The holistic consideration of multiple factors through the GNH approach has been cited as impacting Bhutan's response to the COVID-19 pandemic. spends her free time reading, cooking, and exploring the great outdoors. The Institute invites you to participate in the Global Gross National Happiness and Well-being (GNH / GNW) Index Survey. During the survey, researchers interviewed 7.153 … ", https://web.archive.org/web/20110711131425/http://www.grossnationalhappiness.com/OtherArticles/GNHPaperbyAlejandro.pdf, https://web.archive.org/web/20060906230028/http://suse-ice.stanford.edu/monographs/Ezechieli.pdf, South Asian Journal of Global Business Research, Vol. [7] Other Bhutanese officials also promote the spread of GNH at the UN and internationally. To manage it within the country's Gross National Happiness mandate, Bhutan imposes an ecotourism tax of $250 a day per person, which they use to offset the environmental impact of … [12][13] Each domain is composed of subjective (survey-based) and objective indicators. The Bhutan GNH Index is considered to measure societal progress similarly to other models such as the Gross National Well-being of 2005, the OECD Better Life Index of 2011, and SPI Social Progress Index of 2013. : //www.grossnationalhappiness.com/OtherArticles/GNHPaperbyAlejandro.pdf, https: //web.archive.org/web/20060906230028/http: //suse-ice.stanford.edu/monographs/Ezechieli.pdf, South Asian response, Publications... Domains weigh equally but the indicators within Each domain differ by weight as a measurement for. ] it was followed by a second one in 2010 have improved my understanding of GNH. 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